Incinerator and smoke-consuming apparatus



June 22, 1965 v G. H. HosKlNsoN 3,190,244

INCINERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 19, 1960 v 6Sheets-Sheet 1 54 BWR GoRoo/v H. Hosk/Ns'o/v AGENTS June 22, 1965 G. H.HosKlNsoN 3,190,244

INGINERTOR ANDSMKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec..19, 1960 y r y y Y esheets-sheet 2 GORDON H. HosK/Nso/v BY WiLM AGENTS June 22,

Filed Dec G. H. HosKlNsoN Y INGVINERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS19, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 MWLM AGE NTS June 22, 1965 rG.v HL HosKlNsON3,190,244

` INcgNERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 19, 1960 6SheetS-Sheet 4 INVENTOR GORDO/v H. HosK//vso/v BY #fw-9%? lAGEN T June22, 19,65 G. H. HosKlNsoN 3,190,244

INCINERATOR AND SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 19, 1960 6Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENI'OR GoRao/v H. HosK/Nso/v AGENTS United StatesPatent lice 3,190,244 INCINERATOR AND SMGKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS GordonH. Hoskinson, 36th Ave. and 13th St., Long Island City, N.Y.

yFiled Dec. 19, 1960, Ser. No. 76,670

12 Claims. (Cl. 11G-495)` Incinerators have been employed fora greatkmany years Y as a means for disposing of trash, rubbish, wastematerial,

and the like but lhave possessed a greatmany disadvantages. For example,prior incinerators emit a considerable amount of heavy smoke and otherobnoxious waste products of combustion into the atmosphere which arequite `hazardous to the health of the community in general. Moreover,such waste products of combustion also create lan economical Iproblemwith respect to maintenance `of property in general inthe area Where thematerial is burned d-ue to the fact that such products of combustion notonly soil virtually everything with which they come into contact butalso tend to enhance or hasten the deterioration of the physicalproperty. nearby. The waste products of combustion generated which areprimarily objected to are in the form of unburned carbon which givesrise to the heavy dark smoke and gases and other obnoxious vaporsgenerated during the burning operation. The large amount of carbonpresent in the waste products of combustion, and the generated gases,vapors, and .the like is due to .the incomplete or inefficientcombustion during the actual burning of the materials. The ineicient orinsuiflcient combustion maybe due to the structure of the incineratoritself, or as a result'of insufficient heat in theV burning zone toeffect an eiiicient operation, or insufficient oxygen to support thedesired `degree of combustion which will insure a complete consumptionof the material being burned, or a combination of all three.

Another disadvantage possessed by prior incinerators is that such unitscapable of burning a large volume of waste material are extremelyexpensive in initial cost as well as upkeep and yet are quiteinefficient `in operation. Moreover, prior incinerators capable ofburning a large volume of waste material are Iso designed that theresidue remaining after burning cannot be readily removed. This resultsoftentimes in a shut-down of the incinerator with a correspondingcooling thereof in order to permit a cleaning out of .the unit beforefurther burning can be effected,

Still another problem with prior incinerators is that the heat generatedby the incinerator during the burning of the waste mate-rial is totallylost. There has long been a need in industrial plants, commercialestablishments of all types, and the like for an incinerator which canbe utilized to eiect the burning of the desired waste material t and yetalso can utilize the heat generated for other purposes. Such priorincinerators dueto the inetiiciency of operation and the waste productsof combustion generated have not been ableY to beemployed in such'amanner.

Considerable time, eiort, and money has been expended over many yearstowards the development A'of an incinerator which will function in amore ecent manner and vantages, it is therefore a principal object ofthe present invention to provide an incinerator of a new and novelstruc-ture possessing a more efrcient operation than heretofore capablewith prior incinerators. i Another object of the present Vinvention isthe provision of a new incinerator that is extremely simple in designand construction, low in cost, and requires virtually no upkeep. v Y

Still another object ofthe present invention is the provision of anincinerator that does not emit obnoxious waste productsof combustiontothe outside atmosphere during its operation regardless of the materialbeing-burned.

Still another object of the present invention is ,the provision of anincinerator which will insure a substantial-ly complete combustion ofthe objectionable waste products Y of combustion wherein the productsemitted therefrom to the atmosphere will not be in a harmful state.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of anincinerator wherein .the waste products of combustion generated thereinwill be consumed prior to the emis- =sion of same tothe outsideatmosphere. Y

Still another objectof the present invention is theprovision of anincinerator which can function both as a heating unit as well as anincineratorunit.

A further `object of the present invent-ion is the provision of anincinerator unit in which the heat generated therei in utilized forother purposes. w i r A further object of the present invention is theprovision s `of an incinerator that can be employed to burn a largevolume of waste material in an eicien-t manner.

Yet another object of the present invention is the provision ofA anincinerator which can remain incontinuous operation without-requiring ashut-down after a period of time to remove unburned residue presenttherein.

A still further object of the present invention Y is an incinerator unitin which the residue remaining after each batch .of material has beenburnedl is immediately Wit-h drawn without shut-d-own oftheincenerat-or.

A furthe-r object of the present invention is the provision of new andnovel means for retaining the waste material during its burning'whichenables the Vresidues remaining to be immediately YVwithdrawn withoutV ashut-down of theA equipment. l Y

Other and additional objects will become manifest vfrom the ensuingdescriptionV taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings.

Broadly stated, the incinerator made in accordance with the presentinvention comprises a building unit, said building unitA including' ailoor, side walls, a rear wall, a substantially at roof, and doormeans'hinged-ly secured to the free end of at least one of said sidewalls, air inlet means in said rear wall of said building unit, spacedtrack means extending into the ilo-oryof said building unit, cart meansfor receiving the material to be burned, said cart means being mountedfor movement on said track means into and out of said building, saidcart means including a pl-urality of hollow pipe means connectedto oneanother delining alpair of side wall-s and front and rear walls, a-tleast some of said pipe means having Openings therein, one of said pipe.means forming said rear wall having at least one nipple extendingoutwardly therefrom for engagement with said air inlet means of saidrear Wall of said buildingwhereby ai-r can be passed through the vpipesforming ysaid cart -to support combustion therein, outlet means in saidr-oof, and exhaust means secured to said outlet means. To theaccomplishment of the foregoing' and related ends, the present inventionthen consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particular-lypointed out in the claims, .the annexed drawing and the followingdescrip- -tion .setting forth in detail certain means i-n the carryingPatented June 22, 1965 3 out of the invention, such disclosed meansillustrating, however, but one of various ways in which .theprinciple ofthe invention may be employed. d

The presentinvention is illustrated, by way of example,

in the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE-1 is a perspectivekfront elevational-view of an incinerator unitmade in accordance Vwith the present 1 invention illustrating theinsertion of a cart into the unit.

rail element 13 positioned therein with each tnack extend.-`

ing outside and beyond the .frontedge of the floor 11.1 Thisconstruction defines a railway track. assembly into and out of thebuilding Vunit 11 which enables the material` to be burned to be broughtinto and out of the` building unit 10 in a manner to be morefullydescribed hereinafter.

v The building unit 11 is'provided 4with a pairv of vertical` side Walls14 and 15 built along Yeach side: edge of the" floor llwihich definesthe vertical dimensions of the build'- ing unit 10.V The side walls 14and 15 may be madeiof any suitable material and inf any desired manerwhich Will provide the vnecessary structural strength, but the insideface thereof must possess aY refractory facing in order'to protect theside walls against the intense heat generated FIG. 5 is an enlargedfragmentary cross sectional view illustrating Vthe mounting of the tubesin the roof of the incinerator made in accordance with the presentinvention.

Y FIG. 6 isa fragmentary Vsideelevation in cross section illustrating aheat exchanger unit employed with the in- .cinerator made in accordancevwith the Apresent invention. FIG. 7 is a cross section of theheatexchanger unit taken on lines 7--7 of FIG.Y6.

i, FIG. S'is Va perspective view of the ,removable` heat ex- Y changercore of the heat exchanger unit shown in FIGS.

6 and 7. Y

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the stack `constructionand the secondary combusion zone made in accordance with `the presentinvention. u A FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view taken onY lines 10--10ofFIG.9. fY Y Y u FIG. l1 is a fragmentary perspectiveview of the bottomconstruction of the frame of the cartV made in accordance with thepresent invention, particularly illustrating Vthe means `forYdistributing air Yinto the incinerator unit to support combustion andto maintain the cart in a comparatively cool state. x

FIG. l2 is a Afragmentary side elevation VincrossY secL ktionillustrating a modified form of stack construction made in accordancewith the present invention.

Reference is now to be had lto the drawings, and with particularreferencey Yto FIGS. 1-3 wherein a building unit,

generally `designated by reference numeral 10, is shown. The buildingunitV 10 defines the area ordimensions of the incinerator proper and isto be -a xed and permanent b installation. The building unit 10 may beeither square or rectangular in congdlration, and may be of anydesireddimensions dependent uponk the volume of waste material vto be burned.YMoreover, the building unit 10 may be made from anydesired materialpossessing the required structural strength, `although the insidesurface of the building unit 10 must be of such character that canwith-Y stand high and prolonged heat. Y Y

' The buildingunit 10, as illustrated, comprises a licor 11 which may bein the form'of any base construction having Y a refractory surfacebonded thereto. However, it is possible, if desired, to employ la o'ormade entirely ofrefractory material'using,`for example, bricks made offire clay or the like. The refractory material or surface to be employedwith or as the door 11 may be any suitable material capable ofwitstanding high, intense, `and prolonged temperatures, such as, forexample, fused silica, Yfire clay, fused alumina, fused` refractorymaterial, kaolin refractory material, magnesitre, mulite refractory,asbestos, silicon, carbide, etc. Any 4'of the foregoing refractorymaterials may be applied or laid as a surfaceV or facinglayer on thefloor base, such as, for example, concrete; steel, or the like, or,Where such materials `are capable of being poured or laid in brick 'orblock form, the base may be dispensed with. A pair of spaced,.parallelgrooves 12 are centrally positioned in the. tloor 11 and extend from thefront to the backthereof. Eadh ofthe grooves 12 has aY track orItherein. As illustrated, the side walls14 and 15 are -made lof laidconcrete block,.with the inside surface thereof being provided witharefractory facing which maybe any of the materials hereinbeforeenumerated'fror use in the door 11.` Itis to be understood that thesidewalls 14 and 15 may be made completely of refractory block'o brick,but under such' circumstances reinforcing will be` required in order toprovide the necessaryjstrength. Al-

ternatively, the side Walls maybe 4formed by framing of structural ironor steel spanned on the outside by metal` paneling and having lcheframeV filled with refractory matef i rial of a thickness correspondingto the width ofthe st-ruci ture member. The thicknessof the sidewal1s`14 'and 15 regardless of how made Iand the materials used must bei sutlicient to withstand the intense and prolonged heatgenerated Withinthe building unit 10. f

A rear wall 16 is provided along the rearV edge of the floor 11 and isconnected or united to the rear'vertical ends of the side walls 14 and15. Therear wall16 may` Vbe made in the same manner using the samematerialsras the sidewalls 14 and 15. The inside facing, of the rearwall 16 .will likewise be provided witha refractoryl layer of sutlcientwidth in the same manner and for the same purpose as the refractorylayer of the side walls-14 and 15. I The rear Wall 16 is provided withatleast one opening 11,1 in its lower portion thereof and providesVmeans-forpro-A t viding` air to support combustion in a manner toberdescribed more fullyV hereinafter. Y

d YToY provide the 4necessary structural strengthto rthe building unit'10 and to enable the` mounting of doors and a roof tothe building unit10, structural members 18 and 19- are secured, respectively, totherfront ventical'end `of each of 'the side walls 14 and 15 by anysuitable means,

such as, for example, anchoring during the formation of the Wall or thelike.V The structural-members 18" and 1,9. 1 i Vmay be made of anysuitable material and in any desired;

form, the preferred material being structural steel or;iron',:

. although any other material possessing the desired strength may beemployedV equally as well. The struc-` t tural members 18 and 19 shouldbe so positioned with respect to the end edges of the walls 14 and 15thatwhen i the doors are closed in amanner to bemore `fully describedhereinafter, the structural members `18 and 19 will not be in direotengagement with the heatl generated within the building unit 10. Thestructural members 18 and 19 are connected to one another by a toptransverse structuralmember 20 secured to the top ends of each bybolting, Welding, or the like, thereby spanning the -width ofthebuilding unit 10Yand aiding in impparting there,-

quired structural strength thereto.V The top transverse structurallmember 20, as,l illustrated, is in the form of an I-bear and may bemade from'structural steel, iron,or

any Vother metal having `!the requiredy strength. fThe `structuralmember'20, 'as,shown, extends above the topY land `in order i toiprovide edge of theiside wallsl 14 strength for the roof..

r This arrangement of the and 20 just described definesV aframeworkwhich, lin yaddition :to providing structuralst'rength'to vthe building`unit 10, also provide adoor frame for the mounting of the doors,generally designated byl reference numerals 21 structural members18,119, l

and 22, to the building. The doors 21 and 22 are each in the form of arectangular frame having structural metal vertical elements 23 and 24,and top element 25, and a bottom element 26, which are connected attheir respective free ends by welding or the like to complete thedesired frame. The outside face of the-frames forming the doors 21 and22 is each provided with a covering sheet or sheath 27 of any suitablemetal, such as, for emaples, steel or iron, which-is secured to theformed frame of the doors 21 and 22 by welding, riveting, bolting, orthe like. The inside ofthe frame of the doors 21 and 22 is provided withrefractory material 28 which completely seals the entire open frameportion` of the doors 21 and 22. The refractory material may be anyemployed with the side walls 14 and 15 or the rear wall 16, and is of athickness corresponding to the thickness of .the framework of each ofthe doors 21 and 22. This construction results in a facing of refractorymaterial on the inside face of each door` 21 and 22. The doors 21 and2-2 must be so dimensioned that when in a closed state to seal thebuilding unit 19, the refractory material of the doors 21 and 22 will bethe only material of the doors which will be in direct contact with theheat generated within the building unit 10.

Each of the doors 21 and 22 is secured to the structural members 18 and19, respectively, by a pair of upper and lower hinges 29 which Vare ofVfthe heavy duty type `and may be of any desiredcons'truction sincehinges of this character are readily available on the open market. Eachf ofthe doors 21 and 22 is further provided with a handle 3i] which ispreferably` bolted to the frame member 23 through the metal covering`sheet 27 and serves as a means to open and close the doors. The doorconstruction just deiined is one which provides mating doors 21 and 22hingedly connected to each side edge of the building unit 10 through thestructural members 18 and 19, and which, ,when in a closed state,provides an inner surface of refractory material for the building unit16.,

i A heat exchanger unit, generally designated by reference numeral 31,is positioned within the building unit immediately adjacent its topsurface and is capable of providing heat for performingone or moreuseful functions in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter.The'heat exchanger unit 31 comprises a plurality of pipes 32 whichextend completely across the Vside walls 1d and 15 of the building unit10 in closed spaced, parallel relationship t-o one another. The pipesv32have their free ends extending just beyond the outside vertical plane ofthe side walls 1,4 and,15,.respectively. As` illustrated, the pipes 32extend the entire length of the building unit 10 in transverserelationship thereto with the` exception that pipes do not extend acrossthe exhaust openings in the roof The purpose for not placing pipes 32beneath the .openings in the roof is in order to insure a full draft orexhaust of the heat and waste productsof combustion out through suchopening. However, it is to be clearly understood that, if desired, thepipes 32 can extend the full length of the building unit 10 in closelyspaced, parallel relationship with respect to one another regardless ofthe exhaust openings;

As shown in FIG. 5, the free ends of the pipes 32 which extend justbeyond or outside the vertical plane of the outside Vface of one of dieside walls, such as, for example, side wall 14 of the building unit 16,are in operative association with an air inlet duct or header 33 forreceiving air or 'other fluid medium for transmission therein a man nermore fully described hereinafter. `The air inlet head-V er 33 willextend a distance substantially equalV to the length of the side wallsof the building unit 10, or a distance sutiicient to encompass the freeend of all of the pipes 32. One end of the air inlet duct 33 is closedwith the opposite end thereof being open, Ywith an air blower 34 ofconventional design being mountedV therein to blow air into the airinlet duct 33, and hence into the pipes 32 thereby insuring forcedcirculation of the air. The opposite free end of each of the pipes 32likewise extends just bey-ond the vertical plane of the outside face ofopposite side wail of building unit 10, and is associated with an airoutlet duct Vor header 35 for receiving the air being v blown throughthe pipes 32.

itrative embodiment of the invention to support combustion in asecondary zone of combustion in a manner t-o be more fully desrcibedhereinafter. However, the illus-V trative form of air outlet headershown herein may be modiiied to accomplish various other purposes, aswill be described more fully hereinafter.

The air inlet duct or header 33.and the air outlet duct or header 35, asshown, are not directly secured to the opposite free ends respectivelyof the bank of pipes.32, but rather.; form a closed area into which Vthepipesrextend. The air inlet header 33 and the air outlet header 35 areshown Vas being rectangular in cross section,with one headers 33 and 35are turned outwardly at right anglesv thereto forming upper and lowerconnecting lips 37 which are employed for mounting the air inlet header33 and the air outlet header 35 to the building unit 10,in a manner tobe more fully described hereinafter. This construction results in thefree ends of the pipes 32 having complete access to the air inlet header33 and the air out-` let header 35 without being connected thereto.

` The foregoing heat exchanger Vconstruction will be found advantageoussince Vit enables the ready withdrawal and replacement of one or more ofthe tubes 32 when the occasion arises. This can be accomplished bydetaching one of the air carrying headers from the building unit 1li,withdrawing the tube or tubes 32 to be replaced, and reinserting a newtube or tubes. While the foregoing arrangement just describedV ispreferred, it is to be understood that other constructions may beemployed equally as well. For example,rthe inlet and outlet headers maybe cylindrical in cross-sectionV and the tubes will be connected theretoby a slip joint construction, welding, or the like. This type of headerconstruction for the heat exchanger 3l will'be of particular utility inthe event a fluid medium other than air, such as, for example, water, ispassed continuously through a heat exchanger.

A preferred manner for positioning the heat exchanger 31 in the housingunit 1t) is to secure a metal plate 3S in permanent relationship to eachof the outer faces of the side walls 14 and 15 adjacent the Vtop edge ofeach, thereby providing an outer vertical form. The metal plates 38extend above the top edge of the side walls i4 and l5 and Vconstitute aVertical continuation thereof. rThe vertical height of the side metalplates 3S abovethe side walls 14 and 15 Vis determined by the number ofpipes that 'are to be employed in vertical arrangement since such pipesconstitute the means for holding the free ends of the pipes 32 in placeduring the formation of the heat exchanger assembly 31. To elfect thispositioning of the pipes 32 in place, the outside metal plates 38 areeach provided with holes Aor openings equal to the. number of pipes tobe used, and whichA will have a diameter corresponding to the outsidediameter of the pipes 32 to be employed, with the free ends of pipes 32being held in each plate by a press iit. An inner vertical form plate 739 is spaced inwardly of'each of the outer lmetal plates 38 insubstantially Yparallel relationship therewith, and each is secured to.or ispin engagement withthe inner face ofthe side walls V14 and 15adjacent the top edge thereof, and each extends upwardly therefrom for adistance corresponding to that of the outer metal plates 38. The innerform members 39'are each provided with openings therein which conform toand are in axial alignment with the openings in the outer metal plates38 such that the tubes 32 `likewise extend through the inner form plates39 and the outer form plates 38. K

The assembly just described deinesa pair of spaced, form troughswhichextend along the top surface of each of the side walls 14 and 15, withthe pipes 32 spanning the width of the two side Walls in verticallyspaced relationship and being` held in a xed state. other refractorymaterial is. then poured in each of the form troughs along the top ofeach of the side walls 14 and 15, and permitted to harden. Thisconstruction results in a complete embedding of the pipes 32V in thehardened concrete but yet will enablev one or vmore ofthe tubes to bewithdrawnwhen the necessity arises due to the fact that the concretedoes not bond to the metal surface of the pipes. The inner form plates39 are made of combustible material suchas, for example, plywood,

heavy kraft paper, cardboard, Vand the like, and are not,

removed after the concrete is set. ARather, the inner form plates 39will be consumed by burning Yduring the irst operation of theincinerator unit. The air inlet header 33 and the air outlet header 35are then securedY to the i outsideV surface of its corresponding metalplate 38 by means of screws or the like extending through the upper andlower lips 37 of the headers 33 and 35.

` It will be found advantageous to provide a heat'bale 4plate 40 whichwill extend across the faceV of the heat Walls A14 and 15, therebyresulting, as shown, in a metalV plate having a vertical heightsufficient to shield the tubes 32 and which extends across the'entireVwidth of the building unit 10.

Of course,kit is to be understood that the rear wall 16 is to possess avertical height corresponding to that of the side walls 14 and 15 andthe outer metal plates 38 combined therewith. This lcan be accomplished`by mounting detachable forms to the inner and .outer face of the rearwall 16 adjacent the top edge thereof with the forms extending upwardlytherefrom in spaced, parallel relationship to one another 'for heightequal to that of the metal plates 38. Thus when the concrete or otherrefractory material' is poured in theV formtroughs Von the sidewalls 14andV 15 to embed Vthe pipes 32 therein, the trough form on the rearwallV 16 likewise can be filled with concrete at the same time therebyVbringingthe verktical height of the rear Wall 16 to the desired level.Y

While the foregoing description is of a particular and preferred mannerfor associating the heat exchanger unit 31 to the building unit 10l foraccomplishing yits intended function, it is to be clearly understoodthat there are a wide variety of other ways in which the heat exchangerunit31= maybe secured Within the building unit l1Q. vFor example, .theheat exchanger unit 31 maybe in the Vform of a single unit and bepositioned completely within the Concrete or Y the roof. Another mannerof positioning the heat ex,

changer V31 shown herein can be accomplishedby formf` ing the requirednumber of openings equal to .the `number the roof structure and shouldbe of the reinforcedkind housing unit 11 to the roof ofthe housing unitby bolting, by brackets, or the like. The air'inlet header could thenextend through the rear wall 16 with therairoutlet Vheader beingpositioned ,completely within the unit 10,

axial Valignment with oneV another.` The tubes 32 arethen inserted;through the formed openings in the side walls and the air headers 33 and35 may thenbe associated therewith in any desired manner. l

tive embodiment of the exchanger unit 31 and its manner of mountingshown herein. Y

The roof 41 is in the form o f a flat planar roof spanning the sidewalls14 and 15 `and the rear wall 16,

with its inner face dying immediately above the pipes 32 of the heatexchanger 31. The roof41 is provided i 'with a pair of spaced openings42 which extend in a vertical plane with respect to the buildingunit 10to provide vexit means for the heat and waste products of combustiongenerated within the building unit.10` duraA enumerated, but mustpossess suflicient structural strength for the building unitl() toresult in a'sturdy, permanent structure. For example, concrete can `beemployed as and maybe poured during the pouring operationhereim before`described with respectto the securing of the heat exchanger unit 31 tothe building unit 10. This may be accomplishedby providing the-desiredforms during the:

positionngof the metal plates 38 and the inner form member 39, with allof the concrete being poured at once. It is to be clearlyunderstood,however, that the roof within the building unit 10 during the burning ofmaterial therein. Y l Y A stack support structure, generally designatedby reference numeral 43,is mounted' to `the top surface of the t roof41` and functions to support the stack structure and other associatedapparatus Ytherewith independent of the refractoryroof structure 41. Asillustrated, the support-V ing structureV assembly 43 includes aystructural flange element 44 secured to the outside face of therear,wall

16 immediately adjacent the top edgethereof such `that theptop,outwardly extending ange portion thereof will be just above the topsurface of therefractory roof 41. lf the stackV is to beexcessivelyfheavy, vertical struetural supports may be secured to eachend of the ,flange VA i element 44 to impart additional strengththereto. pair of structural supporting top frame elements 45 and 45 and46 are illustrated as being positioned such that they willrrun fromfront to rear of the building .unit 10;

with the rear free end of each of the structural frame elements 45 and46 being secured to theY top surface` of the ange element 44 by anysuitable means, such vzas,

for example, welding, bolting, or the like.v The oppo. site forward freekends of the top framei elements 45 and i 46 are secured to 'thetransversely i positioned I-beam: y

member 20 likewise by welding, `bolting, or in any *other` desiredmanner. This construction results in a'support ing frame assembly43which` can support all Velements i of fthe' stack structureV andrelated apparatus independ-gV ent of theA roofstructure. It isjto Vbeclearly understood i that this construction is shown for illustrativepurposes only and, while preferred in general overall operation,:` thevstack and other apparatus kcan be carriedsolelyrby` the roof, providingthe roof isreinforced suiciently.

Therefore from the. foregoing yit is believed quite obvious that the`present invention is not to be in any way limited by the illustra-` Ashereinbefore indicated, the refractory roof 41 has a plurality ofexhaust openings 42 therein to permit the escape of heat `and otherwaste products of combustion from the building unit in which the burningwill occur. As shown, there are two pairs of two openings or outlets 42each formed in the roof 41 with the front two openings being utilized asa unit and the rear two openings likewise functioning as a unit. Anoutlet pipe element 47 is positioned within or associated with each ofthe two pairs of two openings 42 and extends upwardly therefrom in axialalignment therewith, and are connected by brackets or the like to thetop frame'elements 45 and 46. This construction results in a for-A wardor front pair of spaced outlet'pipe means 47 and a rear pair of spacedoutlet pipe means 47 which extend upwardly from the top surface of theroof 41 for a very short distance. It is to be clearly understood thatthe two pairs of two outlets shown herein are illustrative in characteronly, since any'number of pairs of openings may be provided in the roofdepending upon the size of the building unit.

A pair of heat exchange units, generally designated by reference numeral50, is secured respectively Vto the upper free ends of the front pair ofoutlet pipe means 47 and the rear pair of outlet pipe means 47. Adescription of one of the heat exchangers 50 will now be given with suchdescription being equally applicable to the other heat exchanger 50connected to the other pair of outlet pipe means 47;

The heat exchanger 50 comprises a central, cylindrical outer shell body53 of heavy gauge metal which is connected to the spaced pair ofvoutletpipes 47 in transverse relationship with respect thereto. Thetransversely extending heat exchanger 50 is covered by an arcuate shell51 which is bent aroundthe heat exchanger 50 in spaced relationshipthereto. The shell 51 is held in spaced relationship from the heatexchanger 50 by means of spacer strips 52 forming a circumferentialaxial passageway between the shell 51 and the heat exchanger 50. Theinner cylindrical shell body 54 similarly made of heavy gauge metal isdetachably positioned within the outer shell body 53 in spaced relationtherewith. This construction denes a tubular member having an essentialIpassageway extending therethrough. outer and inner shell :bodies 53 and54 results in an airtight area between the two bod-ies` with theexception of the two inlet .openings -in the outer shell body 53 toreceive inlet pipes 47 and the outlet opening-in the outer shell body 50functions as an outlet for. the waste products of combustion.

The forward end of the inner shell body 54 is provided Y with anoutwardly aring `rirn portion 55 withthe outward terminal end of theflared rim portion 55 provided with a reversely turned perimetral flangeportion 56 forming a lip to receive the circular peripheral end of theouter shell body 53. The opposite end'of the outer shell body 53 isprovided Withan inwardly inclined rim portion 57 which, in turn, isprovided with a peripheral flangeportion 58 to receive Vthe oppositeterminal end of the inner shell body 54.

The inner shell body 54is preferably readily detachable from the outershell body 53 to'enable the units to be more easily cleaned fromcollected carbon and the like in a manner to be more fully describedhereinafter. To separate the tubular member, `the inner shell body 54The association of the is merely pulled outwardly,'thus freeing theperimetral e Y l@ the outer shell body 53, thus locking the bodies inairtight relationship. While this is the preferred construction, it isto be understood that the inner and outer shell bodies 53 and 54 may bepermanently secured to one another in spaced relationship.

The inner shell body 54 is provided with a plurality of angularlydisposed bale plates 58, 59, 60, and 61 on the outside surface of theinner shell body 54, and are so positioned with relationship to theinlet openings 47 and the opposed outlet openings of the airtight areabetween the inner and outer shell bodies 53 and 54 so as to provide acontrolled, tortuous Vpassageway for the smoke and heat to travel as itcomes from the building unit 10, thereby insuring a proper draft andmore efficient burning as well as providing an excellent heat transferrelationship between the elements. The bafiie plates 58, 59, 6), and 61have a height such that the outer edge of each bathe plate will formsubstantially Ya seal with the inner surface of the outer shell body 53to insure the necessary controlled passageways for the smoke. Y

y The bathe plates 58 and 59 are curved around the lower half of theinner shell body 54 and extend upwardly in inclined relationship aroundthe inner shell body 54 on either side thereof to a point short of thetopY surface leaving a passageway at the top of the shell body V54 atopposite ends thereof. The baille plates 58 and 59' are inclineddownwardly in the direction of one another adjacent opposite ends of theinner shell body 54, with the lower terminus of each bale plateendingjust above theinner inside edge of each of the outlet pipes 41 andextending around and upwardly therefrom in inclined relationship toforce the smoke from eachfof the outlet pipes 47 upwardly and outwardlyto the passageway formed at the top surface of the shell body 54adjacent each end thereof. Y

The bafie plates 60 and 61 are curved around the upper half of the inner`shell body '54 and are each spaced inwardly from the baffle plates-58and 59 and are inclined such that they are in substantially parallelrelationship with the battle plates 58 and 59. Each free end of the baieplates 6i) and 61 terminates at a point about midway on each side of theinner shell body 54, with each end of the baies being spaced below andin substantial alignment with the outside edge of the-exhaust outletopening, thereby forming a spacedvertieal outlet passageway for thesmokeand gases. The arrangement of the bae plates 58, 59, 60, and 61 is suchthat the smoke passing upwardly from each of the, outlet pipes 47 willbe carried outwardly and upwardly on either sideof the inner shell body54 by means of the baie plates-58 and 59, and pass through the formedpassageway of-each top surface. The smoke'will then strike the topsurface of each of the baille plates 60 and 61 Vand will be directeddownwardly and inwardly on either side of the inner shell body 54 untilthe smoke reaches the `vertically formed exitV passageway. The smokewill then pass upwardly through the exhaust outlet of the outer shellbody 53.

Another advantage of this construction is that with this form of theheat exchanger 50, cleaning can be accomplished in a relatively shorttime. VTo clean the heat exchanger housing 50, the inner shell body 54is merely pulled outwardly from the outer shell body 53 in the mannerhereinbefore indicated. This operation results in the, inclined battleplates 5$, 59,60, and 61 scraping the inner surfaces of the outer shellbody 53, thereby removing carbon and the like during the withdrawingoperation. The inner shell body 54 is then cleaned by-washing or thelike with theV inner-surface of the outer shell body `53 being wipedclean. The inner shell body 54 is then inserted in the same manner ashereinbefore indicated.

VWhile any suitable baffle plate construction may be employed to dividethe bale plates 58, 59, 60, and 61, a particular and preferredVconstruction consists ofangled sheet metal in which the base thereofwill be secured to the outer surface of the inner shell body 54. Thevertical l l portion of the angled metal, which will function as thebafe ,plates, will be provided with Va pluralityiof `vertical slits suchthat when the sheet metal is curved to the contour -of the'inner shellbody 54, 4the slit portion of theVV sheet metal will be expanded,resultingin a plurality of small, V-shaped notches. This structure isshownV in detailrin my United States Patent No. 3,044,460, issued July17, 1962. The `advantage of this particular'rarrangei ment is that itwill provide a'plurality of ysmall openings through which heat willseepvto heat Ythe opposite side thereof and will facilitate the passageof smoke and heat through'the tortuous path hereinbefore defined. Whilethis is a particular and preferred construction, itisto be Y clearlyunderstood that any suitable baie plate construction may be employedwhich will result Vin theV formation of the desired tortuous path. t

AA blower fan `62 is positioned at one end of the transverse heatexchanger housing 50for blowing air therethrough in transverserelationship tothe path of the heat, gases, and smoke vto pick up heatgenerated in heat'exchange relationship for blowing same in a hot stateout through-'the oppositeV open end thereof. The diameter of the fanblade of the lblower 62 is greater than the dithat may be employed inthepresent invention reference i ameterv of the outer shell body '53 andjust slightly'lless than the inside diameter of the housing shield 51'.'This arrangement insures a blowing Vtot' air not only through the innerpassageway of the inner shell body 54, but also around theoutsidesurface of the outer shell body 53',v

thereby insuring excellent heat exchange relationship. The blower 62 isprotected by aV heavy metal screen 63 which istghtly positioned atrtheend of the housing shield 51 toV which the blower is mounted. The blower62 is actuatedrby electric power, not shown, and is softimed as to beoperableonly during the actual operation'of the incinerator.

While the heat exchanger housing assembly'S() is a transfer of heatgeneratedby theV incinerator to the Y air-V stream created by` the`blower 62, a removable heat Vtrap member 64 is centrally positionedwithin the inner shell body 64 Yin spaced relationship thereto.YTheheatrtrap member 64jis in the form of an elongated tube 6Swith eachend thereof enclosed by a pointed nose portion 66. Inlet means 67 and68'are provided at spaced points on the under surface of the heat trapmember 64 and in Valignment with the pipe means 47.Thisconstructionrresults in the vformation of a closed circuit heat trapin which heat will be continually risingvirtually directly from the rearea.- Thus as airV is-blown through the transversek heat exchanger 50,the air will be continually heated'by passage over the heat trap memberY64. f' V The function of the pair of heat exchangers '59 illus-A tratedherein is for the purpose Vof utilizing the heat `generated during theoperation of the incinerator so, that it may be transmitted to funcionas a warming medium. This may be accomplished by `providing an outletduct (not shown) to the air outlet ends opposite the fan of each of theheat exchangers 50. Y Theroutlet duct in turn would be connected toconventional air ducts (not shown),

which would extend to the area desired to be'hea'ted. Alternatively, thehea-t exchangers 50 mayv lbe employed to provide hot water to anygivenarea. To accomplish this, the innercentral cylindrical shell bodyV54 is withdrawn and replaced with a bank of water carrying tubes throughwhich water willrbe `continuously circulated. W

For a full description of such a hot ,water heater ,system ist-to behadto thecopending applioationSerial No. 37,`

'7771, led June 21,1960, now'Patent No. 3,125,158, in which such a 'heatexchanger water. unit and its voperation with 'respect to burningapparatus isV disclosed.,`

While tw-o heat-exchanger units y5() have been disclosed herein, it is-to be clearly understood thatA the numberfof upon the size and capacityof the Yincinerator unit.Y In` general, there will be one incineratorunit for each pairl of outlets in the roof, although with asmall'capacity in-cinenator unit it is possible that asingle heatexchanger unit 'cant be employed with a single .outlet in the roofTherefore, the" present invention is, inno way limited to any particularnumber of heat eX- of Ythe incinerator.

changerV units, buty as many maybe' employed .as willlbe necessaryitofully utilize 'the'heat generated 4by thefini cinerator which, if itwere not for such heat exchangers, would'othcrwise be wasted.Y c

Each 'of the heat exchangers =50, as hereinbefoe in:

dicated, is provided with angexhaustoutlet 69in the top of thefoutershell body `53 which isY in opposed.relation-1l ship to .the inletmeanswhicli are secured to the: pair 'of pipe outlets 47. :The arcuateshield 51 surrounding the Y kouter shellV body 53A likewisewill vbeprovided with an opening'which is in axialalignment with Atheopeninginthe outer shelljbody 53. An outlet stack or pipe means,

70 is positionedgin -the exhaust-outletv 69 of-each, of the heatexchangers 50and extends upwardly tlierelomin` transverse relationshipYthereto for acomparativelyshort.

dist-ancei The Vuppertree end ofthe outlet pipes70 from the Yheatexchanger Eis connectedito an expansion collar 71 which, in turn,'issecured toa frame support trape-` zoidal in configuration, generallydesignated by reference numrenal 72,.,which serves as suppo'rtmeans forthe ex.

haust Vstack and the related apparatus in association therewith.` Y

, The trapezoidal shaped support member 72 includes anupper,.rectangularshaped frame portion 73 which is `so dimensionedthatit will Vspan-the distance between outlet pipe means70^of.the'heat'exchangers 50 and extend just beyond on eithersidelrthereof.4 Similarly, -the width of thetopirame portion-73 will Nbejust greaterV than-the width of the expansioncollars 71 to which thefree ends of the outlet pipe means 70 are secured. This constructionresults in a rectangular upper frame support member 73 that islcentrally positioned above but is of less width andlength thanthe topsupport frame members 45 and 46; Y; The top frame support portion 73 is`connected to the top frame support members 45j and 46 respectively,bysupport legs 74 which extend from each corner Yof the top frame portion73 in inclined relation ship therewith and are connected to the topstructural yheat exchanger units to be 4employed will be dependent Ymembers 45- and V46 Vin any suitable manner, such` as, for

example, welding, bolting, or the like. The entire frame oftheYtrapezoidal shaped support member 72 may be'` enclosed' to jpreven'theat` loss from the heat exchangers 5t) and the outlet pipe means 70 byproviding removable face panels74zy which will be connected to the fourinclined legs '74.` This assembly ,results ina very. rigid sup. 'Y

port of the stack assembly andthe heat exchanger unit Eachrof theoutletmembersj 70 of the heat exchanger; Sii is provided with asidefopeningV just below the upperV ree Vend of each and prior toengagement of'same with'4 the expansion collar 71;",L The followingdescription .will' be had with respect to the'function of the opening inone` of the outlet means 70,-but it is to be understood rthat thefunctiondescribed will be the same for the' opening in the ober of theoulet 'means 70. '.The purpose of the side opening in the `outletpipefmember 70 is to enable the lattainment V of a secondary combustionzonetliereini ,for the further burning of the waste products of com-.fI

bustion generated during the operation of theinciner'ator.I

To achieve the secondary combustion zone, a fuel and air pipe assembly,generally designated by reference numeral 75, is connected at one end toone of the outlet openings in the air outiet header 35 of the heatexchanger 31, with the opposite end of the air and fuel pipe assemblyextending yupwardly into the outlet member 70 through the side openingformed therein.

The air-fuel pipe assembly 75 includes a pipe line which may be aplurality of pipes connected to one another, or a single continuousline. As shownthe fuel pipe assembly 75 comprises a lower verticallyextending pipe element 76 which is secured to and extends upwardly fromthe outlet opening in air outlet header 35 with its opposite endconnected to a lowerV horizontally extending pipe element 77 by means ofan elbow joint 78. A vertically extending upper pipe element 79 issecured to the free end of the horizontal pipe 77 by means of an elbowjoint 80, with its opposite end connected to a 45 elbow joint 81. Theelbow joint Slis connected byy means of a short pipe nipple 83 to acoupling joint 82 which, in turn, is connected with a terminal feederpipe element 8.4 in which the free end thereof extends into the outlet70 through the opening formed therein.` A fuel inlet line` 85 is securedat one end in tangential relationship to the fuel feeder pipeelement 84prior to entry in the outlet pipe 70 with the opposite end lthereofconnected to a fuel source (not shown). The fuel that is to be employedin the air fuel pipe assembly 75 may be gas, oil, or any other materialcapable of being placed in a gaseous or atomizable state. The free endof the fuel feed pipe 84 may be providedwith a jet or diffuser plateWhich will place the air and lel mixture being passed into the outletpipe 70 i4 1 width for a short distance upwardly to provide an expansionarea for the secondary combustionzone. The upper outlet pipe 88 willextend upwardly for some distance since it will constitutel a portionofthe exhaust stack or chimney of the incinerator. Toinsure a completedraft of the Iwaste products of combustion, a draft inducerSSa maybemountedron the upper outlet pipe S8, if such appears necessary.` In thesecondary combustion zone, the waste products of combustion pass out ofthe heat exchanger 50 and into the outlet pipe, wherein they will beadmixed withthe fuel and hot air mixture being blown thereinto, andwhich will be burned in a comparatively small area by ignition of thefuel. This secondary combustion zone will effect a further burning withfresh air of heat exchanger 50 in a state such that it will beV ysparkplug-.whichiis threaded into the threaded openings of f the pipe 70,with the spark gap end restingabove this discharge end of the terminalpipe element 84 The opposite end of the spark plug 86, which is thecontact or terminal end thereof, is connected to an electrical lead line87 which is, in turn, connected to a suitable power source, s uch as,for example, a battery or the like, since the fuel igniter will only beused intermittently when needed to ignite the air-fuel mixturedispensed'into the pipe 70 to establish the secondary combustion zone.

It will be found desirable in many instances, after a period of time inwhich the secondary combustion zone has been in operation, to cut offthe fuel sinceV the stack temperature in the immediate area of thesecondary com-` bustion zone will be suiliciently` high ,to permit aself# ignition ofthe fuel-air mixture and the` waste products ofcombustion. It will be necessary, howevenparticularly under suchcircumstances to have the secondary com bustion zone in reasonably'closeproximity to the outlet end of the re burning'areaV proper in order toprevent any unnecessary heat loss.y v However, under general operation,it is preferred that the fuel be continuously' burned during theoperation ofthe unit.

The construction just described results in a secondary combustion zonewhich is in the upper end ofthe outlet pipe 7 and which will extendabovethe expansion collar' 7l.` To retain the secondary combustionzone'jinA the desired conned area, an upper outlet pipe 8`8is .connectedat one end to the expansioncollar 7 land thus to the' outletl end4 oftheoutlet pipe 70 and extends upwardy therefrom" in axial alignmenttherewith. The upper outletpip'e 88 from its point yof attachmentincreases in cross-sectional exchanger 50 or the outlet end of thebuilding unit 10 since it will be found advantageous in the overalleici- Vency of the incnerator to have the waste products of combustionburned while still in a relativelyrhot state with'no material amount ofheat being dissipated tothe outside surface through the pipe member 70.A close association of the parts just describedfwill further insure noheat loss of the hot air obtained from the heat exchanger 31.

` The construction providing the secondary combustion zone for theywaste products of combustion just described results in amaterialburning or otherwise partially converting the waste products ofcombustion generated by the burning of the waste material. However,suchprodd -ucts of combustion still are not in a state that they can bepassed tozthe atmosphere-without creating problems.,

atmosphere.

To provide the -third combustion zone, an outer upper stack 89 issecured to the upper outlet pipe or inner stack 88 above the secondarycombustion zione and extends upwardly therefrom in` spaced envelopingrelationship with-V respect to the inner outletpipe 88. The outer stack89 may be made of the same metal as the'inner stack 88 andV is securedthereto in spaced relationship by means of connecting rods 90 `extendingtherethrough at various convenient points. The outer stack member 89extends up wardly and beyond` the outlet end 91 of the inner stackmember S8 and constitutes ariinal exit stack for the ultimate wasteproducts of combustion. The outer stackA member 89 isspiace-d.'circumferentially from the inner stack member 88 for adistance suflicientto provide a circurnferentialf air channel orpassageway therebetween in which air will rise vertically. Thus theformed air channel therebetweenwill provideA air at the terminal or.exit end '91 of the inner stack member 88, with this zoneV just abovethe terminal end constituting the third combustion zone to effect thefinalV burning of the waste productsof combustion such that they can beemitted to the atmosphere inacompletely safe and substantially cleanVstate.

In order to provide a suitable third combustion zone, the inner stackmember 88 must be of a sutiifliicient heightsuch that the air`passageway formed between the inner stack member 88 and the outer stackmember 89 will be suiciently long to elf-ect a4 proper heat transferbetween possible between the waste productsof combustion passing fromthe exit end 91 of the inner stack-.member 38 and the incoming airconverging therewith Vat the exit end.

15 Y Thus the outer stack member 89 mustV not be spacedy from the innerstack member 88 at too great a distance such that the volume of airpassing upwardly therebetween inthe formed air passage -will Abe toolarge in volume to be heated. The spacing should be sufiicientl to`permit a volume of air therein sutiicient to support the'furtherburning of the waste productsrof combustion, butV will be of a volumeinsuicient `to receive the heat transferred from the innser stack member88 such that the air will not be heated to the required'temperature.VFrom the foregoing, it is believed obvious that the inner stack member88 must be of a length and diameter and the outer stack member 89 mustbe so spaced lwith respect thereto that placed in a condition such thatthey can be passedto the the heat transfer between the inner stackmember 88 and Inthe.'

atmospherev in a Acompletely ksafe fand unobjectionable s'tate.` Ashereinbefore `indicated,`the heat exchanger and stackv assembly just.described' will be 'duplicated since two pairsof outlets are providedinthe building unit 10.V Thus the incineratorfwll have two stack andheat exchanger assemblies fork the incinerator. However, the inventionis not toV be limitedV to two, ashereinbefore indicated. i v Y It is'tobe clearly understood that the overall assembly of associated partsdefiningV vthe heat exchanger assembly and Vthe stack assembly to effectthe desired utilization of exchanger with-the incinerator unit due tothe fact that the heat exchangers will function as carbon traps and willnormally catch and retain aY portion of `the 'carbon-pass! ing upwardlytherein carried as a part of the waste products of combustion fromthefincine'rator unit.

It is Valso to be understood that the illustrative apparatus forproducing the secondary Vcombustion zoneis likewise illustrativeincharacter only.l For example, the structureforming -the secondarycombustion zone as disclosed Y in my copending application Serial No.37,772, filed June 2l, 1960, now abandoned, may be employed equally aswell with the heat exchanger assembly 50 of thepresent invention. By wayof illustration, reference is now .to-be Yhad to FIGS. 9 and l() whereina second formof apparatus for `forming the secondary Vcombustion zoneisY shown.k The apparatus shown inFIGS. 9'and 10 for providing thesecondaryombustionvzone comprises-aninner cylindricalV stack member 93which is connected at its lower end to the exhaust outlet of theV heatexchangers 50. The inner stack member 93may be a conventionalv exhauststack normally employed with incineratorsiand the like. The inner stackmember 93 will extend upwardly through the frame support assembly 72 andbe supported thereby, andiwill continue upwardly foradistancersuflcient, with respect to thecapacity ofthe incinerator andthe Vvolume of waste products of combustion produced `reference numeral94, `is mountedL on the outside surface ofthe inner stack member 93 foraccess thereinto about the normal discharge outlet of'the heatexchanger.-

Vstack member 9,3, and this maybe accomplished by forming an opening inthe stackY which is in alignment with `the operating opening of theblower fan 94. YThe draft-im ducer or blower Yfan 94 illustrated hereinis ofconvenv ously imparting a steadyV amount ofV air into theyinner`stack member 93 and at the Vsame time effecting the desired draftinducementof thewaste products of combustion may be employed in the'Vpresent invention.4 Thesize of the blower fan 94 to be employed in thepresent inven;

tion will vary, depending upon the capacity of the burner` Vunit properas well asthe diameter ofthe inner-stack 'member 93. Accordingly, anysize blower lfan ymay be.

employed which will effect the ldesired draft inducement` f of the wasteproducts of combustion and at the same,` time deploy a sufficient amountof air into the inner stack member 93 for admixture withthe risingvwaste products of combustion.V

- As shown, the blower-'fan 94takeslar from the sur` roundingatmosphere, but it is also possible to connect theinlet end of theblowerfanr 94 by means of suitable` piping, ducts, or the 1ik et one ofthe exhaust or outlet outlets of the air exhaust header35 oftheheat'exchangerr" Y 31 such that extremely -hot air ,will be blownintothe.y

' exhaust stack at the secondary combustion zone.

An air lguide member, generally designated by reference t numeral 95,7isemployed in association withthe airv` blower-fan 9V4Yto direct andcontrol the direction ofthe t air beingdrawn into the inner` stackmember 93 and to aid lin the creation of the draft Yfor thewasteproducts` Y ofcombustion. `The air guide -member 95 `includes aplurality of upwardly inclined arcuate plat'esf96,y 97, 98;'I

and 99, each of which is vertically spaced from oneanother and is 'ofdiminishing length with respectl toone,

Each of theupwardly inclined arcuate platesf 96, 97, 98, and 99 isunited-along each side `edge tSide plates 100. The lateral width of theplates 96,` 97, 198,1 Y

another.

and199 is` relatively short lor narrow in order to create the desired'air actionand` present no deterentY to the Y n ormalV upward flowof the.wastefproducts'of combusfY tion, aswell as ,assisting-in the creationof the desired draft of same;

the air blower 94, with eachbeing vertically spacedV :one

above the other through which air will be blown inwardlyj and upwardlyforadmixture with the products'of combustion rising upwardly throughVthe inner memberl 93 from the lire burning Vunit proper.

The illustratedv airl guide member 95 maybe secured at opposed points tothe inner sur-face of the innerl stack member 93 by spot Welding,brazing, bolting,or in any desired'manner. Alternatively,t he airguide'member 95 may be boltedithrough` the inner pipe member 93 to f thehousing of the air blowerf94t The air guide member 95 maybe made of anysuitable metal, such as,` forex-Vv ample, steel, cast iron, orsimilar'metal; Preferably the' metal employed-should be ofsuicientstrength and heat Yresistance in order to impart a` long wearing lifethereto,

therein, to carryoi the Waste products of'combus'tion,`

An air j ndyer Or blower fan, generally designated by` particularlysince it is in the immediate area in ywhich the hot products ofcombustion rising from the heat exchanger 505are ignitedand the areammediatelythere' above serves as a secondary combustion chamber in`which, l,

high ,heat will `be generated. A j V A small cylindrical fuel cup 101 ismounted to theinner surface of the innerxstack member 93 andrestson the-top Y surfaceofjthe air guide member 95? just above the inlet end ofthe blower .fanj94. The vfuel cup 101 is made of The blower fan 94 hasaccess into the inner area of the inner Accordingly, nodetaileddescription thereof yis i Thisfconstruction results in a narrow,upwardly inclined arcuate, elongated plurality of'passs` ages in whichthe lower end of each is in association with? ,y

17 y any suitable metal, such as, -for example, steelor the like, butmust possess a sucient high resistance to heatsince it is within thisarea that fuel is ignited to create the sec- `ondary combustion zone, ina manner to be described more fully hereinafter. The fuel cup 101 neednot necessarily be mounted directly to the inner surface of the Y innerstack member 93, but may be inwardly spaced slightly therefrom andsecured to the top edges ofthe side plates 100 of the air guidemember'95 by welding or the like.

The fuel cup 101 is preferred in the present modification since itprovides a small area in which the fuel may be injected and ignitedwithout fear of any pre-ignition of the waste products of combustion andthe air admixed therewith by means of the Y.blower 94. That yis to say,by the utilization of the fuel cup 101, there willV be no ignition ofthe Waste products of combustion until they reach the secondarycombustion zone, which is in the immediate vicinity of the cup 101.However, it will be found possible under certain circumstances toeliminate the use of the fuel cup 101, such situations being where nopreignition of the waste products of combustion and air will create aproblem. However, in general, a fuel cup 101 will be found advantageousto be included in the overall unit.

A fuel nozzle 102 for injecting the fuel Within the fuel cup 101 ismounted to the bottom surface of the cup 101 and extends upwardlytherein. The fuel nozzle 1%2 is of generally conventional design and isreadily available on v the open market, and therefore no detaileddescription of same is believed necessary. As shown, one end of the fuelnozzle 102 constitutes the fuelexit end which isV within the fuel'cup101, while the opposite end, which is outside thereof, is secured to afuel inlet line 103 which extends through the inner stack member 93 andis connected to a suitable fuel source (not shown). The fuel to theemployed in the present invention and to be dispensed from the fuelnozzle 102 may be any fuel that can be imparted into the fuelcup 101 ina jet or atomized state. Suitable fuels meeting these requirements areconventional fuel oil and gas, although any liquid or gaseous fuelcapable of being dispensed in themanner indicated may be employed.

The igniter means to ignite the fuel in this modified form of theinvention shown in FIG. 9 may be the same igniter member 86 shown anddescribed hereinbefore with the other form of the invention. The ignitermember 86 may be mounted in the same manner as hereinbefore describedwith the spark gas end extending into the fuel cup 101 and resting`above the discharge end of the fuel nozzle 102 to ignite the fuel inthe samemanner as hereinbefore described. l

To achieve the third combustion zone, the same assembly hereinbeforedescribed with respect Vto one form of the invention will be the sameinthe modified form herein described. As illustrated in themodification, the outer upper stack 89 is secured to the innerV stackmember 93 above the secondary combustion zone in spaced relationshiptherewith by means of connecting rods 90 extending therethrough atvariousconvenient points. Thus the construction for producing the thirdcombustion zone and the operation thereof to produce same will beidentical in both forms of the invention illustrated herein. Theforegoing description of the modified `form of apparatus for producingthe secondary combustion zone has been had with respect to only one suchassembly. However, it is to be clearly understood that the assembly willbe duplicated for each heat exchangerV employed with the incinerator.

The heat exchanger assembly 31 mounted Withinthe building unit 10 hasbeen illustrated as providing means for imparting extremely hot freshair tothe outlet stack or pipe 70 for utilization in the secondarycombustion zone. However, the heat exchanger unit 31 i-s capable ofperforming other functions. For example, Aif the hot fresh air formed inthe heat exchanger 31 is not to be ,imparted to the outlet stach 70 orthe inner stack 93 to support the secondary combustion zone, the hot aircan be employed to heat any given area in the manner of the heatexchanger 50. This is possible by providing an air outlet header invplace of header 35 which will be open only at one end with the openingbeing connected to suitable duct work for transmission of the heated airto any given area to heat same.

Alternatively, water may be the medium passed through the heat exchangerV31 to effect the production of hot water which may then be transmittedfrom the exhaust end of the outlet header to any desiredpoint forstorage or for use.

While the foregoing description of one illustrative embodiment of theinvention has been shown utilizing only an inner stack S8 and an outerstack 89 for each heater exchanger 56, it is to be clearly understoodthat an additional stack may be employed for each heat exchanger. Theutilization of an additional or second outer stack Will be foundadvantageous with certain types of incinerators having a large capacity,and Where excessive and designating identical parts used in the -form ofthe inven- Vtion previously described. As illustrated, the refractoryroof 41 has the exhaust openings 42 positionedrtherein in spaced`relation and the pair of heat exchangers 50 connected thereto in thesame manner as hereinafter described. Similarly, each heat exchanger 50is provided with an outlet pipe or stack 70 which extends upwardly to anexpansion collar 71 mounted to the frame support 72. Each of the outletpipes 70 immediately adjacent its connection with the expansionV collaris provided With anV airY guide member generally designated by referencenumeral 95, a fuel burning cup 101, and igniter means 86 and S7 toprovide a secondary combustion zone. This construction is at the area ofthe secondary combustion zone and is shown in detail in FIGS. 9 and l0and will operate-in the same manner in this form of the invention. As inthe form previously described, an inner stack 83 and an outer stack S9are connected to each pipe 70 and will function in the same manner ashereinbefore described with other forms of the invention.

A second outer stack 160 in the modification shown in FIG. l2 is :placedin spaced, circumferentially enveloping relationship around each of theouter stacks 89, and will be secured thereto Vby conventional Spannerrods 161, ribs, or the like. Each of the second outer stacks 166 has itsupper free end 162 terminating at a point below the upper free end ofeach of the outer stack members 89 and below the conventional rain cap163 normally mounted on chimney stacks of this character. The purpose ofhaving the upper end 162 of each of the second outer stacks 160 belowthe upper free end of each of the outer stacks 88 is to enable air to bedrawn into the space formed between the second outer Ystack 160 andouter stack 83. The bottom free end of each of the second outer stacks160 is closed and rendered airtight by a transversely extending coverplate 164 or the like, which is secured to the bottom circumferentialedge of each of the second outer stacks 160 and to the outside surfaceof the outer stack member 89. This construction results in a completelyairtight, cylindrical chamber be- 3,190,2agC

An outlet exit opening 165 is provided in'each ofthe Vsecond outerstacks 160 immediately adjacent the bottom end thereof, and willfunction as the air outlet means for the vair drawn down into eachvofthe formed cylindrical vchambers from the entrance at the free end 162above.'V

The outlet opening 165 in each of the second outer stacks 166 isprovided with pipe outlet means generally desig- 'nated by referencenumeral 166 which extends from; the outlet opening 1615 of each of thesecond outer stacks 166 to an air blower 167 which will function las themeans for transmitting the air from each of the enclosed chambers ofeach ystack for admixture with the exhaust gases rising upwardly fromtheheat exchanger tothe sec.-V

ond combustion zone therein. Y A

In the illustrative embodiment shown in FIG.r 12, vthe pipe outlet means166 present therein exemplify another form of means for imparting airinto the second cornbustion zone, which has not been shown hereinbefore.The pipe outlet means 166 comprise a cross-pipe member 168 havingits'opposite free ends connected to the outlet end 165 of each of thesecond outer stacksrltl by any suitable means, such as, for example,welding,.thread The cross-pipe member 168 is connectedrsub-y elementwhich permits the withdrawing of hot airV from` each of the second outerstacks 160 and mixing and converging same into a single pipe 169connected to the air blower 167.' Y Y The air inlet pipe means,generally designated by reference-numeral 170, is connected tothe outletside of the Vair blower 167 for transmitting heated Vairinto lthe secondcombustion zone. The air inlet pipeV means 170 include a vertical outletpipe 171 connected at one end to the discharge side of the blower 167,with the opposite end connected to substantially the mid-point of across.- pipe element 172` which is of a diameter less than'that ofthe'verticalroutlet pipe 171.` The opposite free ends of the cross-pipeelement 172 are connected respectively to the inlet side of the airguide member 95 of each Outlet pipe means 70 of each stack fortransmittingthe hot Y air to the second` combustion zone of each stack.This construction defines an inverted T-shaped unit for collecting thehot air Vfrom the blower and dividingsame into twoair streams, one foreach stack.

It is to be clearly'understood that the'foregoing de# scription of onemodification employing two outer stacks and the associated outlet pipemeans for distributing the Y air to the secondary combustion zone visfor illustrative purposes only and exemplies only one forrnof theinvention'utilizing'the two outer stacks for transmitting the heated airto the secondary combustion zone; For

example, the air contained in the second outer stack of` each stack unitneed not be brought in and distributed by a common blower, Rather, eachstack unit may be provided with an individual blower connected at oneend to the air guide means 95, with the opposite end of each beingcoupled vto the discharge outlet V165 -carried in the second outletstack 160 of each stack unit. Thus it isbelieved obvious that there areseveralways to trans'-` mit air in the formed chamber between each ofthe outer l stacks' 160 and 89 to the secondary combustion zone.

Further, such air may be directed into the secondary combustion zone bymeans other'than the `airguide means95 and its associated parts as showninFIGS.f9 and 10.

Y The operation of the modified form shown in FIG. 12 to achieve thesecond and third combustion zones is basically the same as hereinbeforedescribed. The waste material, when burned in the in'cinerator,transmits heat 'and waste products of combustion to the heat exchangers50. Ther `waste products Vof combustion then pass up through the exhauststack to the second combustion zone and hence to the third combustionzone in identically ithe same manner as hereinbefore described withother Vforms of the invention.

When the outer Vstack l89, after a period of operation, becomes -quitehot, heat will be transmitted to the second outer stack likewise placV`ing each of these second outer stacks in, a-heatedstate.`

Air will be drawn downwardly through .the upper free end 162 of thesecond outer. stack 160.into the formed` chamber between the secondouter stack 160 and theouter stack 89 of each stack unit. During thedownward passage of the air, it will become quite hot due to radiation.The heated air is drawn out of the outlet of each of the formed airchambers of each stack by the blower 167, through` the top cross pipe168 and into the vertical pipe 169. Thus heated air is drawn from eachenclosed chamber of each stack unit and isblended and. admixed with oneanother by the blower.

The blower 167 passes the entire'volume of the heated 'air collectedfrom eachV 0f. the Stack .units through a vertical inlet pipe 171. VTheheated air is then divided in the lower. vertical pipe 172 withsubstantially equal parts thereof being passed to the air guidemembervSS': This operation results in the transmittal of extremely hot,fresh air to the secondary combustion zone, thereby materiallyincreasing the eiciency ofthe y of each unit.

secondary combustion zonel with a resulting greater con-y sumption ofthe waste products of combustion at this zone.

large incinerator units having a large capacity `in which largequantities of wasteYY products of Vcombustion are.. rgenerated tolprovideVm-eans to insure a prompt; and comi plete Ythroughput of .suchwaste products of` combustion tothe secondcombustion zone to effect theconsumption thereof. There Iare severalV ways by which'this `can ,be

accomplished. VFor example, as shown in the -illustrativfefjY embodimentof the invention, each heat exchanger unit" 59 is provided with a singleexhaust outlet 60 and a single z exhaust pipe outlet 70. This`construction'constitutes thei sole discharge outlet for the wasteproducts of combustion generated in the incinerator. To provide'additional4 i lauxiliary exhaust means for transmitting the wasteprod-4 `ucts of` `combustion from the heatA `exchanger 50.1 to

the second combustion zone, an outlet opening may be` provided on eachside ofthe 'central discharge `outlet.`

69 of the heat exchanger in slightly spaced, lateral re.` lationshpthereto. will be provided with pipe means which extend upwardlytherefrom and then inwardly Vto the connecting ypipe 70.`

or the inner stack member 88 at a point at or just above the fueloutlet'102 in the outer stack 88 or theconnecting u pipe 70.

This construction results, inraddition to the single main exhaustoutlet, additional exhaust means for insuring the, complete and promptpassing of the hot waste products ofcombustion upwardly frornthe `heatexchangery 50 and then into the inner stack 88 orV the connectingstack70 .at the secondary combustionzone Where same is burned therein. 1It is not necessary for auxiliary sideioutlets to have the wasteproducts of combustion carried thereby fed into the secondary combustionzone at its initial point` of formation. For example, the waste productsof, conlbustion carried bythe auxiliary sidefoutlets fromfeach of the.heat exchangers may be carried into the exhaust stack88 at avpoint'above the initial formation ofthe secondary combustion zone. Y Ithe secondary combustion zone when in operation will Y transmit heatover an area su'icientlylarge to ignite the waste products ofcombustionbeing fed thereinto bythe auxiliary pipes at a point above theinitial formation :of

the secondary combustion zone.

` Reference is now to be had to FIGS. 1, l3,-aud 11` It will also befound advantageous with respect tol` Each side auxiliary outletopeningr3 The reason'forthis is that.

21 Y wherein the apparatus in which a waste receptacle ap paratus,generahy designated by reference numeral 11d, is shown. The wastereceptacle apparatus 110 functions as the means for transporting thematerial to be burned into and out of the building unit J11d/therebyinsuring that the Waste material during burning will not come intoactual contact with the side walls and end walls of the building unit10.

The waste receptacle apparatus 11G includes a base frame support,generally designated by reference numeral 111, having a pair of spaced,parallel,V downwardly turned U-shaped, lower channel members 112 whichare spaced apart fnom one another for a distance substantial- 1y equalto the distance between the pair of rails 113 extending along the oor 11of the building unit 1h. A plurality of pairs of mounting plates e113are connected to the downwardly extending -lianges of the U-shapedchannel members 112with the bottom end of each pa-ir of mounting plates1.113 being provided with axially aligned openings therein in whichwheel stub shafts 114 are mounted to serve as a means for mounting awheel 116 to each pair of mounting plates 113. The wheels 116 areflanged wheels of the type that will run on the rails 13. Thisconstruction results in a plurality of spaced wheels 116 which willbemounted on the tracks 13 to move the receptable apparatus 11G into andVout of the building unit 10.

The bottoml frame support elements 112 are connected to one another byva plurality of top transversely extending U-shaped structural frameelements 117 which are secured to the top surface of the bottom -framesupport 112 by welding, bolting, or the like, and lie in a vertical`plane with respect thereto. The top U-shaped structural frame elements117, in addition to functioning as connecting links for the bottom frameVsupport elements 112, will be associated in pairs in order to providemeans for receiving ash drawers 11S therein. As illustrated, one.transversely extending U-:shaped top frame Velement 117 1s securedimmediately adjacent the front end of each of the bottom support frameelements 112 with the flange portions thereof extending inwardly andrearwardly. The next transversely extending U-shaped top frame elementto connect the bottom frame elements 112 is so Vpositioned on the topsurface thereof that the respective iiange portions thereof will extendforwardly in the direction of the ange portions of the iirst or frontsupport frame element 117, thereby defining opposed side channels intowhich ash drawers 11S may be removably positioned along each sidethereof in a manner to be' more fully described hereinafter. Any numberVof desired pairs -of transversely extending top frame elements 117 maybe employed in this manner which will be sufficient to impart thedesired strength toV the waste receptacle i191@ and @yet provide asucient number of pairs of frame elements for an adequate number of ashdrawers 11S. In general, a suicient number of pairs of top, transversely`extending frame elements '1:17 -will'ibe employed to provide asufficient number of receptacles 118 to extend beneath the entiresurface of the waste Ireceptacle assembly to receive burned residuetherein, Vthereby enabling the ready withdrawal of such material withoutbreaking down the receptacle or climbing thereinto.V Such advantageswill be more apparent from the description given hereinafter. v

A plurality of short, vertical support pipe elements 119 ,are secured tothe outside `faces of the front and rear transversely extending U-shapedsupport elements 117 respectively in vertical alignment with the frontand rear ends of each of the bottom support; elements 112, with theupper free ends of the vertical pipe support elements 119 extendingabove the top surface of the upper support elements 117. This assemblyresults in four open ended spaced pipe receptacles extending upwardlyfrom the top surface of the upper support elements 117, and which willserve as means for mounting the basket portion of surface of top frameVelements 117.

The foregoing assembly just described defines a supporting base assambly111 on which a basket assembly, generally designated by referencenumeral 120, will be carried in detachable relationship therewith. Thebasket assembly 120 will possess a conguration substantially identicalwith and of substantially the same dimensions as the base frame supportassembly111, and includes frontV and rear header pipes 121 and 122 whichextend intransverrse relationship to the bottom U-shaped frame supportelements 112, and are in substantially parallel relationship with oneanother. The front header pipe 121 is provided with a pair of spaced,outwardly extending pipe nipples 123 which are so spaced with respect tothe front transversely extending header 121 that they will extend Ydownwardly into the vertical'pipes 119 secured to the transverselyextending U-shaped frame elements 117 and will be in detachablerelationship therewith. The rear transversely extending header` pipe 122likewise is provided with downwardly extending pipe nipples 123 whichare so positioned thereon that they will slide into the pipes 119 on therear transversely extending support elements 117. VThis constructionwill result in the front and rear header pipes 121 and 122 of the basketassembly 12@ secured to the frame assembly 111 in vertically spacedrelationship therewith, and yet be in detachable relationship therewith.

A plurality of spaced pipe nipples 124 are positioned along each rearface of the front header 121 and extend rearwardly therefrom. Similarly,the rear, transversely extending header 122 is provided with a pluralityof like v nipples 124 which extend inwardly or forwardly in thedirection of the pipe nipples. 123 of the front header 121 and are inaxial alignment therewith. The pipe nipples 124 are not threaded butextend into the front header 121 Vand the rear header 122 for passage ofair into each of the headers 121 and 122, as will be described morefully hereinafter. Each of the pipe nipples 124 of thefront header 121is connected to a corresponding pipe nipple 124 connected on the rearheader'122 by pipes125. The pipes 125 have a diameter such that eachfree end of each pipe will be positioned within the pipe nipples 124 bya slip ljoint connection. The advantage of this arrangementV is thatduring the time when intense heat is being generated in the incinerator,the side pipesA 125 will `be able to expand within the pipe nipples124i.` Each'of the pipes 125 .has its uppersurface provided with aplurality of holes 125:1 thereinthrough which air will be passedupwardly vto support combustion during the burning of the wastematerial. The pipes 125 will also rest on the top surface Yof thetransverse pipes 11S thereby further supporting them.

An air inlet coupling pipe 127 extends rearwardly from the side of therear header 122 and functions as the means for transmitting air into therear header 122, and hence through the pipes125 and out of the openings125a formed therein to support the combustionof the -wastematerials tobe burned. The air inlet coupling pipe 127 is so positioned with respectto the rear header 122 that when `the cart assembly 110 is positionedwithin the 'building unit 10, it will seat in an air supply line 128which extends through 'the rear wall 16 oftheV building unit 10 with theopposite end of the air line being connected to an air blower 129 orother air supply means. To assist in the proper and automatic couplingof the air coupling line 127 and the air inlet line 12S, the forward`free end of vided with van outwardly flared funnel element 130,therematerial during burning, or, if desired, may be merely welded orotherwise secured to the outside surface of the headers 121 and 122 andthe side pipes 124. The function of these vertically extending pipenipples 131 is Vto enable the attachment of the basket framework to thebottom frame assembly. To accomplish this, vertically' extending framepipe elements 132 are provided at each corner of the headers 121 and122Yandrextend upwardly therefrom in vertical relationship with respectthereto.

The vertically extending frame pipe elements 132 are held in engagementtherewith by slipping each over the pipe 4nipples 131 by a slip jointconnection which will permit yexpansion between the associated elementsduring the burning of waste materialin the incinerator.

Aside walls and the rear wall of -the basket assemblyr120 will beprovided with similar open framework mats 137 which likewise maybe of Yadiamond mesh construction.` The purpose of the mats 13,6 and 137 is toretain all types of material regardless of the. size within thebasketassembly 120 during burning. Moreover, the bottom openl mesh mate 136will serve to' prevent any large pieces` of residue remaining afterburning from shifting downwardl ly into the ash drawers yet will permitash and small pieces to sift therethrough into the drawers 1123.V A heatbaille plate 138 in the form of a metal sheet may be secured 1 to thefront face of the'basket assembly to prevent heat The verticallyextending frame pipe elements 132 are connected to one anotherl by` aplurality of vertically spaced, horzontallyextending frame pipeVelements'133V which results inan extremely rigid, open, basket frame.The horizontally extending frame pipe `elements 133 are shown asrbeingwelded ateach end to the vertically extending frame pipe elements 132.'However, it is to be Vunderstood that this may be accomplishedbyemploying a slip joint connection at each association in order toallowfor expansion during the burningnof waste material or to permit the owof air. therein.V ln the event of the latter,

Athe horizontal pipe elements 133 will have access into the inner areaof the vertical pipe elements 132 which, in turn, will have access intothe inner area of the headers 121 and A122 thereby forming a closed airsystem Vnotonly throughV the bottom pipes 125 but also at one or morelevels thereabove. Insuch a construction, the horizontal pipe elements133 and also, if desired, the vertical pipe elements 132 will beprovided with openings facinginwardly to permit air to be blown into thearea defined by the basket assembly. Y l g t v regard to thedistributionV of lair, into the with further Ybasket assembly above itsbottom level, it is to be noted that more than one air inlet assemblymay be employed.

Forexample,v Vthe rear wall 16 may be providedwith another openingvertically spaced upwardly from the kopening 17 shown therein and willbe so positioned as to .be in horizontalalignment with one of the rearhorizontally extending pipe'elements 133 andpositioned midwayYbetweenithervertical pipe elements 132. IThe rear and the Yfronthorizontally extending pipe elements 133 `extend- .ing along thismidpointilevel .will be in the form of headers with the two horizontallyextending pipe elements at this level being connected kthereto inthensame manner as the bottom pipes 125 areto the headers 121 and 122.The

rear horizontally extending pipe element functioning asy a header willbe provided with a rearwardly extending Vair pipe line element whichwill b e capable of engaging or coupling with an air inlet couplingmounted in the opening in the rear wall 16 and which is, in turn,`connected to an air blower positioned outside the building unitl).Y

This construction results in two vertically spaced air inlet levels tosupport the combustion ofthe waste materials to be burned. It should benoted that in this modification,

the upper air blower should operate at a relatively high pressure andthelower air blower should operate at a lower pressure for best results. i

If desired, additional vertical reinforcing rods 134 may Vbe secured bywelding or the like to the outside surface of the horizontally extendingpipe support element 3133 at convenient points therealong. It will befound advantageous to provide an open frame work mat 136, which may be`in the form of a diamond mesh construction, on the` Atop upper surfaceof the pipes 125. Similarly, the two in the waste Vreceptacle apparatusceptacle apparatus 110 after' being fully vloaded is being directed:outwardly toward the doors.

front face of the basket assembly. 1 Y

No electrical controls have been shown in any of the embodiments of theinvention hereinbefore. described.`

However, such controls to be employed inthe ypresent inventionare,conventional,"and are readily available on the `open market. Suchcontrols to `effect the operation ofthe various blowers and likeelectrical parts maybe positioned at any point or location 'on theincinerator, as desired. Y

In the operation of the illustrative embodiment of the incineratorherein made in accordance withl the present invention, the wastematerial to ,beiburned is placed 110. The repushed in Y:on the rails 13into the building'unit 10 until the air pipe element 127 ofthereceptacle 110 engages and is coupled with the air inlet pipe 128extending through the rear walls 16 of the building unit 10. Thisoperation'places the unit 10 in a state ready for operation to effectthe burning'of the waste material.` The waste material is Yignited anddoors 21 and 22 of the build- 'ing unit 10 are closed thereby sealingthe building `unit 10.

The air blower 129 connected to the air inlet pipe 128 is setintooperation t-o blow=air under pressure into the -rear header pipe 122-of the receptacle 110,` and hence.

through the pipes V125. The air blowing through the yrear header pipe122 and out through the openings 126 in the pipes 125 will providesuiiicient oxygen to effect an effi iicient and rapid burning ofthe'waste` material in the Yreceptacle apparatus 110 `regardless of thevolume of the,I Moreover, the introduction of the. air` waste material.Y yin this manner to support the combustion lwill provide a constantcooling of the pipes 125 such that they will not.l burn out readily.vThis. manner of providing` air for;

support ofY combustion to effect the burning of the .waste materialresults in the hottest zone being always adjacent thebottom ofthecartrassembly. Thus the waste material sifts downwardly as the materialis being burned.

This will provide advantageous not only in eliect` an "etlicient andrapid burning, but also results lin the ashes (and other residueshifting downwardly continuously into the ashreceptacles y113. Thisoperation facilitates the ultimate removal of the ashesupon thecompletion ofthe burning. Y .Y Y

During theinitial commitment of the burning of the waste material in thebuilding unit 10, the blower 34 on the air inlet header 33 of the heatexchanger 31,`as well as the blowers 62 of the heat exchangers 50 areset into.

operation. The heat, smoke,.ar1d other waste products of combustiongenerated in the incinerator during the burning of the waste materialtheremV passes upwardly` `iilling the entire upper area of the buildingunit 10, and

surrounds the pipes 32 of the heat exchangerl, thereby 1heating,'through heat transfer relationship, Vthe air being blownthrough the pipes 32 by means of the air blower 34. This operation willresult'in hot air passing outwardly l fromV the pipes 32into theairoutlet header 35 for use in The heat bathe plate 138 may have itsupper edge outwardly curved 1 forming a hook portion'which will tit overYthe front Y top horizontally extending VpipeV element 133 4with theremaining portion of the plate resting against the inside;

2d support of this secondary combustion zone, as will be described morefully hereinafter.

The heat and waste products of combustion pass upwardly and out from thebuilding unit 16 through the outlets` 42 positioned .in .the roof 41,and into the heat exchangers 50 to the pairs of spaced outlet pipes 47,and into the heat trap member 64. rthe heat exchangers 5i) willcontinuously heat the air ,being blown therethrough by means yof theblower 62 in transvers relationship to the ow of the smoke and heat fromthe incinerator. The heat and smoke which constitute the waste productsof combustion follow .the tortuous path in the heat exchanger housing 50in the manner hereinbefore described, and will reach the exit end -ortop outlet on the top surface of the outlet shell body "53.V The heatand waste products oi' combustion pass out of the heat exchangers 5)through the outlets 69 int-o the outlet pipes '76. As such wasteproducts of combustion and heat rise upwardly in the pipes 70, they willcome into intimate contact with the mixture of hot gases coming fromvthe heat exchanger 31 and the fuel coming into pipe 70 through the airmixture fuel assembly 75, and will be intimately admixed therewith. Theadmixture-of waste products of combustion and the fuel-air mixture isignited and burned by the igniter 86. The burning of the mixture fotfuel-air and waste products of combustion creates a secondary combustionzone in which :the waste products of combustion are further burned, withsuch burningresulting in an extremely high temperature being created-atthis secondary combustion zone.

The waste products of Vcombustion rise upwardly from the secondarycombustion zone through the inner outlet pipe 8S and are admixed withthe air rising upwardly between the inner outlet pipe 88 and the outerstack pipe S9 at the exit end of the inner outlet pipe 88. As the airpasses upwardly in the formed passageway between the inner pipe 88 andthe outer pipe 89,the air will be readily heated by the heat transferrelationship with the surface of the inner pipe 83. Thus when the airmixes with the Waste products of combustion of the secondary combustionzone at the exit end of the inner pipe 38, the mixture etlects aself-ignition with a corresponding further burning of the remainingwaste products of combustion being obtained. This further burning in thethird combustion zone results in a substantially complete burning of theremaining waste products of combustion and the products therefrom willrise upwardly and outwardly through the outer pipe 39 and. into theatmosphere in a state which is not objectionable.

Upon completion of the burning Aof the Waste material in the receptacleapparatus 1li?, the doors 21 and 22 of the building unit l0 are opened,and the receptacle apparatus is withdrawn therefrom. It will be found,due to the manner of supplying air to the burning zone of theincinerator, that the receptacle apparatus 110 can be handled withoutirst permitting same to be cooled. The ash drawers 118 are emptied and:the large particles not otherwise capable of being burned, if any arepresent, may be removed. The receptacle 110 is then refilled with lWaste material tobe burned and reinserted in the building unit 1t). Thisoperation is continued until all of the Waste material to be destroyedhas been burned.

Whiledthere have been described herein what are at present consideredpreferred embodiments of the invention, it will be obvious to thoseskilled in the art that modifications and changes may be made thereinwithout departing from the essence of the invention. It is therefore tobe understood that the exemplary embodiments are illustrative and notrestrictive of the invention, the scope of which is defined in theappended claims, and that all modications that come within the meaningand range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be includedtherein. Y

25 I claim: 1. An incinerator construction comprising `a building unithaving a door, side walls, rear wall, door means and a roof, spacedtrack means in the floor Iof said build-ing unit, cart means forreceiving material to be burned mounted on .said track means formovement into and out of said `building unit, said cart .means includinga plurality of hollow pipe means connected to one another defining apair of side walls and front .and rear Walls, at least one of said pipemeans having a plurality of openings axially Ispaced .therealong fordirecting air inwardly within the cas-t means, one of said pipe meansforming said rear wall of said cart means having at least one nippleextending outwardly thereiinom in substantially right .angledrelationship to the rea-r wall of said building unit, air inlet meansVin said rear wall of said building unit for detachable,

axial engagement with said nipple of said rear wall of said cart meansfor passage of air through the pipes formingv unit having a door, sideWalls, rear Wall, door means and `a roof, spacedtrack means in the floorof `said building uni-t, .cart means for receiving material to be burnedmounted .on said track means for movement into and out of said buildingunit, said cant means including a plurality of hollow pipe means.connected to one another delining a pair of side walls and front andrear fwalls, .at least one of said pipe means having a plurality ofopenings axially spaced therealong for directing airinwardly Within thecart means, one of said pipe means forming said rear wall of said cartmeans havin-g at least one nip-ple extending :outwardly therefrom insubstantially right angled relationship to the rear walll cfs-aidbuilding unit, air inlet means in said rear Iwall of said build-ing unitfor detachable, laxial engagement with .sa-id nipple of said rear Wallof said cant means for passage of air through the pipes forming saidcant and out through the plurality of openings to support combustion of.the m-ateri-al to be burned, heat exchanger means mounted in saidbuilding unit immediately below said roof, at least one outlet means insaid roof above said heat exchanger means for passage ofthe wasteproducts of combustion therethrough, and exhaust means secured to saidoutlet means.-

. An incinenator construction .comprising a building ,unit having afloor, side wall-s, rear wall, door means and Y rality of hollow .pipemeans connected to one another detining a pair of side walls and frontand rear walls, at least one of said pipe meanshaving a plurality ofopenings ax-ially spaced .therealong for directing air inwardly -Withinthe cart means, one of said pipe means forming said rear wall of saidcart means having at least one nipple extending outwardly therefrom insubstantially right angled relationship to the rear wall of saidbuilding unit, air inlet means in said rear wall of said buildin-g unitfor detachable, axialengagement With said nipple Iof said rear wall ofsaid cart means for passage of air through the pipes forming said .cantand out through the plurality of. openings to support combustion of thematerial to be burned, at least one outlet means in said roo-r` diorpassage of the Waste products of combustion therethrough, exhaust stackmeans secured to said outlet means, and heat exchanger means associatedwith said stack means, lsaid heat exchanger means being in substantiallyright angle relationship to .the ow of the waste products of Vcombustionthrough said stack means.

4. An incinerator construction comprising `fa `building unit having .adoor, side Walls, rear wall, door means and Yrear wall of said cartmeans vhaving at least one nipple extendingt outwardly` therefrom insubstantially righ angled relationship to the `rear'wall of saidbuilding unit, air inlet means in said rear wall of said buildingunit'for detachable, laxial engagement with said nipple of said rearwall of said cart means for passage of air throughk the pipes formingsaid cart and out through the plurality of e openings to supportcombustion of the material to be burned, heat exchanger'means mounted insaid building unit immediately below said roof, at least one outletmeans in said roof above said heat'exchanger means for passage of.'wasteproducts of combustion therethrough, lexhaust stack means secured yto`said outlet mean, Vand heat exchanger means associated with said stackmeans, Y said heat exchanger means'being fin substantially rightV anglerelationship to the ilow of, the waste products ofV combustion throughsaid stack means.

`5. An incinerator constructioncomprising -a building unit havin-g afloor, sidewalls, rear wall, door means and a roof, spaced track meansin the oor of said .building unit, cart means for receiving materialtobeburned mounted on said track means for movement into and out of hollowpipe means .connected to one another defining a pair of side walls andfront and rear walls,at least one of said pipe means having a pluralityof openings axially spaced therealong for directing air inwardly withinthe :cart means,l one of said pipe means formingsaid rear Wall ofsaidcart means having at least one nipple extending outwardly .therefromin substantially right angled relationship to the rear wall of saidbuilding-unit, air inlet means in said rear wall of saidY buildingv unitfor detachable,

'axial enga-gement with Ysaid nipple ofrsaid rear wall ofV Y ysaid cartmeans for passage of' air through the pipes -form- Y ing said cart andout through the plurality Vof openings to support combustion of thematerial to be burned, heat exchanger means mountedY in saidbuildingrunit im-r` mediately below said roof, said Vheatexchangermeansrincluding a plurality of pipes extending through eachvside wall of said unit, an air inlet'header` mean-s connected `to oneend of said pipes on theV outside face of oneof said side Walls, air.blower meansy at one end Yoit'gsaid inlet header, and an air outletheader connected tok they other Vof said building unit, said cart meansincluding a plurality t v '77. A waste receptacle vap-par-atusfor use inan inicnerator construction comprising base means, means connected V.tosaid base means to permit same to be moved into and out of saidincinerator construction, basket means mounted on said .base means, saidbasket means including front headermeans, rear header means in spacedparallel relationship to said -front header means, a plurality ofspaced, parallel pipes operatively connecting said'front and rear headermeans, at least one of said plurality of pipes having a plurality. ofopenings therein, air inlet means con. nected to said rear header meansto4 permit pair to be blown into said front Iand rear headers and said:plurality of pipes, front and rear frame means and side frame meansconnected to one anotherV and at least to said front and rear headermeans. t

18. Apparatus for permitting rthe emission yof lwaste products ofcombustion to the atmosphere in an unobjection- Y able state comprisingVdirs-t, inner exhaust stack means adapted to :be secured at its Vlowerend to the exhaust outlet of a lire burning apparatus, lair supply meanssecured to said iirst stack ymeans adjacent its lower end rto supply airthereto, fuel dispensing mean-s securedto said stack 1 v means adjacentsaid air supply means, Yignition means for igniting said-fuel to effectaninitial :burning of *the waste products vof combustion in the lowerend of the inner stack means, a second stack means secured to saidVinner stackv Ymeans inprcircumferentially spaced, envelopingrelationshipythe lower end of said `second ,stack means being spacedabove 'said ifuel supply means rwith the upper end Ithereof terminatingat a pointabove the upper rtree end ofsaid iirst stack means therebydeining an lair passageway therebetween of substantial length along'which air rwill #be drawn, a third stack means secured to said secondstack means 'in circumferentially spaced, enveloping relationship:for-ming an `passageway therebetween, the; lower end of saidthird-stack means being `closed and spaced above the lower end of saidsecond stack means,

V'fthe upper end of Asaid :third stack means terminatingy libelowthe'upper end :of Isaid second stack means, and means connecting thelower partion of said third stack means to. said air supply means Y i`9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 8 wherein `said Yair supply meanscomprises a plurality of narrow arcuate plate means 'of diminishinglength vertically spaced from one another, side members uniting saidplate means along each side edge thereof, said side members spanning.the

internal diameter of said iir'ststack means, and `air Iblowy ing `meansmounted :on the outside of said lirst stack means Y in association withsaid plate means to iblow air into and end of said pipes on the koutsidetace of the oppositeY side wall of said building unit, at least oneoutlet'means in said roof above said heat exchange means for passage ofwaste products of combustion therethrough, and exhaust means secured tosaid' outlet means.

6. VA waste receptacle apparatus for .use in lan incineratorconstruction comprising a base frame means, Wheel means secured tothebottom of said base frame means, a plurality of vertically extendingfirst short support pipe means secured to said frame means and extendingabove the top sur-face of said base frame means,k basket base Y meansincluding a front header pipe, a rear header` pipe and a plurality ofspaced, parallel pipes operatively conf necting said front and rearheader pipes, at least one of ysaid Yplurality of,V pipes having aplurality of Yopenings therein, and air inlet nipple means connected tosaid rear 'header means-providing access thereinto, a plurality ofvertically extending second short pipe support means secured yto saidfront and rear header pipes and extending below said header pipe-s, saidsecond pipe support means being in registered relationship 4withrsaidfirst pipe means,

fand a frame basket member mounted on said basket'base member.

up through said plate means.

V10. Apparatus for permitting the emission of Waste produ-cts ofcombusti-on to the atmosphere in an unobjec-` tionable state lfrom tirerburning apparatus having a heat` exchanger disposed Within the tireburning apparatus comprising, tfirst inner exhaust stack means adaptedto be 1 connected at its lower end to the exhaust outlet of the` tireburning apparatus, air supply means secured to said :first stack meansadjacent its lower end to supply air therer l tinto, fuel dispensingmeans secured to said stack means adjacent `said air supplymeans,-ignition means tor igniting said fuel to effect an initialburning `ofthe 'waste products of combustion in the lower end of.theinner' stack means, a'second stack means secured to Ysaid innerstack means in circumferentially spaced,` enveloping relation-4 t ship,the lower end of ysaid second stack means being e spacedy above said-fuel supplyr means withthe upper end thereof terminating at a pointVabove `the upper,`

-free end of said iirst stackmeans thereby deining .an air passagewaytherebetween of substantial length along which air -will be drawn, -athird stack means secured -to said second stack means VinVcircumft-:rentially spaced, enveloping relationship lforming .an airpassage-k way therebetween, the lower end of l'said third stack meansVbeing closedand spaced above the lower end of saidsec-L 4ond stackmeans, the upper end of -said third stack means`

1. AN INCINERATOR CONSTRUCTION COMPRISINGG A BUILDING UNIT HAVING AFLOOR, SIDE WALLS, REAR WALL, DOOR MEANS AND A ROOF SPACED TRACK MEANSIN THE FLOOR OF SAID BUILDING UNIT, CART MEANS FOR RECEIVING MATERIAL TOBE BURNED MOUNTED ON SAID TRACK MEANS FOR MOVEMENT INTO AND OUT OF SAIDBUILDING UNIT, SAID CART MEANS INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF HOLLOW PIPEMEANS CONNECTED TO ONE ANOTHER DEFINING A PAIR OF SIDE WALLS AND FRONTAND REAR WALLS, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID PIPE MEANS HAVING A PLURALITY OFOPENINGS AXIALLY SPACED THEREALONG FOR DIRECTING AIR INWARDLY WITHIN THECAST MEANS, ONE OF SAID PIPE MEANS FORMING SAID REAR WALL OF SAID CARTMEANS HAVING AT LEAST ONE NIPPLE EXTENDING OUTWARDLY THEREFROM INSUBSTANTIALLY RIGHT ANGLED RELATIONSHIP TO THE REAR WALL OF SAIDBUILDING UNIT, AIR INLET MEANS IN SAID REAR WALL OF SAID BUILDING UNITFOR DETACHABLE, AXIAL ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID NIPPLE OF SAID REAR WALL OFSAID CART MEANS FOR PASSAGE OF AIR THROUGGH THE PIPES FORMING SAID CARTAND OUT THROUGH THE PLURALITY OF OPENINGS TO SUPPORT COMBUSTION OF THEMATERIAL TO BE BURNED, AT LEAST ONE OUTLET MEANS IN SAID ROOF FORPASSAGE OF THE WASTE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION THERETHROUGH, AND EXHAUSTMEANS SECURED TO SAID OUTLET MEANS.